What mushrooms grow in the Crimea?

Crimea is rich in vegetation, and on its territory in large quantities grow not only berries, but also mushrooms. However, in order not to get to the hospital, it is necessary to clearly know which ones should be eaten and which ones should not.

Throughout the territory of the Crimea, there are places where mushrooms grow in large numbers, and lovers of “quiet hunting” always know when to go to the forest. The mushroom world of the peninsula has several tens of thousands of plants, but growing them at home is a difficult process, since it is necessary to create unique conditions, to prepare a special soil.

In nature, white mushrooms and butterheads appear here and there, only you have to rise above, about 1.5 thousand meters above sea level. Best places to collect: sloping mountain surfaces, small edges where the sun shines most of the day. Most mushroom pickers can be found on the western slope of the Crimean Mountains. This is, first of all, Ai-Petrinskaya Yayla and its famous peaks. There are several types of mushrooms on Mount Demerdzhi.

It is necessary to go to the village of Radiant, which is located near Alushta. In good years you can stumble upon a large mushroom glade. Hides numerous mushroom places and the forest of Sevastopol.

In addition, you can fill the basket with mushrooms near the Old Crimea and Theodosia. It is also worth trying your luck near some lakes. Mushroom pickers love to be on the banks of Donuzlav and Sasyk. A large number of "mice" grows in the district of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory and near the village Kolchugino. If you want to collect oil, then you should go to Stroganovka or Zelenogorsk.

Ryzhiki is also actively collected by mushroom pickers, they grow in full glades near the Rybachiy. In Marble mushroom pickers are sent to collect chanterelles.

In Crimea, the first spring mushrooms can be collected with the advent of heat. But during this period the harvest is not too great, the best seasons consider summer and autumn. Most young mushrooms appear on the surface after a light rain, but not immediately, but after a couple of days. If you delay and postpone the trip to the forest for four days, you can fill the baskets with plenty.

Ryzhiki and boletus delight the mushroom pickers in the summer. Also in the forests and on the edges of the Crimea, you can find russula, porcini and mushrooms. There are also plants less known to some mushroom pickers:

• horns;
• one side;
• rare;
• mohoviki.

There are a lot of mushrooms, which can not please their dimensions. Those who are lucky will be able to find boletus and aspen birds, although they do not grow directly under the trees, but separately from them, in coniferous forests.

Autumn harvest can be collected until October. There are mushrooms that are harvested right up to the frost. As a rule, it is a “little mouse” and honey agaric. By mid-autumn, it is less common, but nevertheless one can meet in the woods belated chanterelles, sometimes boletus are caught in a basket of mushroom pickers. Rogatik and milk mushrooms give a rich harvest in early autumn.

On the territory of the Crimea there are steppe mushrooms growing on the edges of the mountains and in the forests, the main thing is to know when to go in search. There are rare specimens that are characteristic only for this region, as well as well-known mushrooms, such as white, oil, chanterelles.

Sarcosomes, which are also found on the territory of the peninsula, although considered useful, but still inedible.

This plant has several names. On the territory of the peninsula it is also called the "giant pig." Another among the locals can be found the name "giant govorushka." Mushroom grows in the forest, because the soil there is most suitable. Mushroom pickers collect it for several months. With enough rain, the mushroom grows in summer and early autumn.

White fungus grows in small groups, so if you can see one, then there is still nearby. It is not difficult to see the plant among the foliage, since it stands out against the general background with a white color. Sometimes the cap is not completely white, but has a pleasant creamy tint. As a rule, pure white mushrooms are young, they have a smooth cap, under it there are jumpers. They have dense, fleshy legs, but not too long, a maximum of 8 centimeters in adulthood. Sometimes there are villi on the stem, which are located closer to the cap. At the bottom of the legs you can see a slight thickening.

If you break a mushroom, you can see that its pulp is the same white or cream. Even in its raw state, the white mushroom has a pleasant aroma. Sometimes adult plants have a slightly bitter taste, they are better to dry. A greater number of nutrients found in young porcini mushrooms. They contain klitocybin - an antibiotic that acts against the tubercle bacillus.

Mushrooms should be careful, because it is easy to confuse this mushroom with others, also growing in the Crimea. A lot of similarities can be traced to smoky govorushka, which is also edible and has excellent taste. It is bad when white mountain fungus is confused with poisonous gall. If the mushroom picker came across a whole glade, you need to take a closer look at whether it is not a “witch ring”.

The described mushroom is prepared by various methods: boiled, stewed, fried and salted. He has a small shelf life, after collecting you will need to wash the product and leave it in cold salt water for a while.

"Mice" can also be eaten, in the Crimea they grow several species. The main place of growth is coniferous or mixed forest. You can find mushrooms on the moss or sand. Mushrooms grow both individually and in small groups. At the gatherings mushroom pickers are sent in September, and the collection lasts until mid-autumn. To collect a lot of mushrooms of this species, you should go to the village Kolchugino, it is in its vicinity most of them. You can find them near the astrophysical laboratory.

In young mushrooms, the cap has a peaked shape, and the edges are slightly wrapped. Cap size - up to 100 mm. When the plant ripens, the cap becomes flat, uneven. It is rather fleshy, there are small cracks. In the center, it is difficult not to notice the tubercle, there are plates at the bottom, but they are located far from each other.

The color of the mushrooms can be both light and dark gray. If it has recently rained, then a little slime forms on the surface of the plant, so the hat seems sticky. Leg up to 12 cm, to the base it is thicker and more dense. If it is an adult mushroom, then voids are formed inside. The shade of the leg is yellow, sometimes gray.

It is possible to distinguish a mushroom on the fly which is available near the cap. Although the flesh is dense, the “little mouse” easily breaks even with a slight pressure. Mushrooms boil, pickle, pickle. They can be roasted, but only after pre-boiling. For the second dish do not find a better supplement.

Chanterelles are among the most popular edible mushrooms. They are orange, yellow or white, fleshy and funnel-shaped.On the bottom surface, under the smooth cap, most species have gill ridges that go down almost completely to the stem. Many species have a fruity apricot-like aroma and often have a slightly peppery flavor.

Because of their mycorrhizal connection with trees, chanterelles can be found on the ground, next to deciduous species. These are summer and autumn mushrooms. They bear fruit from June to September. Caps are usually convex, shaped like a vase. The stems are smooth, filled, and the same color as the cap.

Mushrooms contain vitamin C, as well as a large amount of carotene, which caused the appearance of an orange-yellow color. The ability to recognize false gills is one of the most useful skills for a mushroom picker. They are represented by forked folds on the underside of the fungus.

These mushrooms can be found in the forests of the Crimea from late summer to November. They very rarely grow alone, often forming small glades. They love to parasitize under trees, and on large, old stumps. Prefer wet soil, therefore, appear in large numbers after rain.

If it is a young plant, then its cap should be concave down. When a mushroom grows, it gradually flattens out and finally, it becomes completely flat. The size of an adult mushroom can reach 150 mm in diameter.

The color of the whole mushroom is honey, there are small scales or even fluff. Under the cap you can see a small ring of thin film. It is necessary to be able to distinguish the autumn mushrooms from the gray-yellow false, which are not suitable for food. Spores of these mushrooms are dark, while edible ones are white, and there is no bitter earth odor.

If you want to score a lot of oil, then you should go to the Belgorod region of the peninsula. Maslata grow in large quantities:

• in the village of Zelenogorsk;
• Strogonovke;
• on Ai-Petri.

Mushrooms grow from June to mid autumn. Maslata prefer areas with a large amount of light, so they can be found on the edges, meadows. Such mushrooms are loved not only by people, but also by insects, therefore young bolettes are often eaten by them.

The advantage of the fungus is that it is quite difficult to confuse it with others. The cap is fleshy, soft, as if oiled. In appearance, these mushrooms are slippery, brown or light brown in color. The shape of the cap is a small hemisphere, and the more mature the mushroom, the more edges rise. If necessary, the skin is separated from the pulp is very simple, under it there are tubes with yellow pores. Despite the massiveness of the upper part, the lower leg is thin, its length can reach 100 mm.

It is impossible to keep oil for a long time, they are prepared immediately after collection. In the pulp of a lot of worms, to release the mushroom, it is worth soaking it for half an hour or an hour in salted water.

Milkworms, although they come across in large numbers in the mixed forests of the Crimea, are rarely collected by mushroom pickers, because they are difficult to cook. The gathering season begins in mid-summer and lasts until the beginning of autumn. Most of all muzzle appears after heavy rain.

On the peninsula there are several species:

• oak;
• dry;
• pepper.

Differs plant ginger color and lamellar structure. On the cap there are brown stripes, on the legs there are small holes of yellow shade. The older the fungus, the lower the density of the leg.

Pepper mushroom has a funnel-shaped cap, different in white. On the plates may be juice, which tastes bitter. The plant has a narrow and short leg.

Dry milk has a white color, but there are brown spots on the cap. The plates are blue, if you break the mushroom, the juice will not stand out.

In July, numerous mushroom pickers go for these mushrooms to the forests of the peninsula. The main place of growth is the area under the trees. Ginger does not grow alone, only in small groups.For such mushrooms should go to the south coast.

You can distinguish them by the orange cap, which is 12 centimeters. If you turn the mushroom, then there will be visible plates of red. If you press them, they will change their color to green. The legs can reach a thickness of 2 centimeters, on their surface there are small depressions. Mushrooms are valued for fragrant pulp, which is a little sweet.

This is one of those mushrooms that can not be poisoned, but when harvesting you will need to check the flesh, which must be white. There are two types of raincoats on the territory of Crimea:

• pear-shaped;
• gigantic.

The giant rain coat has a white, round body, which with age changes shade to yellow. Maximum height - 340 mm. The pear-shaped rain cover is so named because it has a pear-like body. On the skin there are small tubercles, the surface is rough. These mushrooms are very fond of rotten wood, only young specimens can be eaten.

According to the description, this extraordinary steppe fungus belongs to the family of oyster mushrooms. The season is very long, the mushroom pickers harvest the plant from spring to autumn, but in summer it is difficult to find it, because in the heat, when the soil is too dry, the single side does not grow.

If there is a lot of rain, you can find a sufficient amount of mushrooms in the forests. One-sided plots are found not far from farms, they grow even along roads and in ravines, especially in the mouths of rivers and streams.

Indeed, truffle grows on the peninsula, the collection season is from August to January. These mushrooms are valued for their unique flavor. For their growth requires a humid climate, so truffles can only be found in the foothills and the southern coast. In Crimea, the mushroom grows under a coniferous pillow in young pine forests.

It is important to be able to distinguish poisonous mushrooms, since their consumption in food leads to poisoning and even death. There are similar specimens on the territory of the Crimea, among them you can find such familiar names as a fly agaric, pale grebe and false mushrooms.

Dangerous mushrooms that attract with their appearance, but are not suitable for human consumption. In some European countries, the caps of the fungus are crumbled and placed in saucers with milk in order to attract domestic flies. Insects drink a liquid that contains toxins that can dissolve in water, and, consequently, in milk. After a while, the flies become sleepy, fall and die. Hence the name of the fungus.

When the toadstools first appear in the forest floor, the young fruiting bodies are completely covered with pointed white warts. As the cap expands, it becomes red. It grows until it finally shows red skin, while white warts are distributed over the surface more or less evenly.

Heavy rain or even contact with animals is sometimes enough for some or all of the white flakes to fall off the mushroom cap, so smooth mushrooms can be found in the forest.

These edible mushroom twins also grow on stumps, in large groups, but there is a difference between them, and you need to know about it in order not to get poisoned. The color of the poisonous specimen is very similar to the coloring of the summer honey agaric, but the shade of the plates of the inedible plant is gray. Such a mushroom on stumps of deciduous tree will not grow. After long research, seroplastinite honey agar was found to be half edible, the main thing is to boil it for a long time.

But gray-yellow can not eat at all. This mushroom smells unpleasant, has a bitter taste. You can distinguish it by external signs. For example, on the stem it does not have a ring, under the top of the plate there can be the following shades:

• olive black;
• gray
• yellow green.

The brightness of the cap should scare away the mushroom picker, since the real garland will be brown.

Pale toadstools are found throughout the Crimea everywhere.When they are still young, their body looks like an egg, on top of which they seemed to stretch a film. The cap can reach a diameter of 15 centimeters, a shade of green, closer to olive, sometimes light gray. If you break a mushroom, its flesh will smell good, it is white, it does not change color. The first ring is wide, there is a fringe inside, but only in young grebes.

Comparing the specimens, one should not forget that the wild champignon does not have a volva under the hat, and the adult mushrooms will have a different shade. The ringworm also lacks a ring, its flesh is very fragile, it crumbles right in the hands.

Experienced mushroom pickers give their tips on how to properly collect edible specimens and not get poisoned. Consider such recommendations in more detail.

• If the plant is unfamiliar, it is better to skip it. It is worth collecting only those mushrooms that are well known.
• Inexperienced mushroom pickers should enlist the support of more professional "hunters" and not walk alone in the forest.
• Search for "prey" is needed in those areas that have long been known to local residents, otherwise you can stay with an empty basket.
• Any inedible type of mushroom is dangerous for humans, and even if it is boiled for hours, you can still get severe poisoning.
• Caesar Amanita is listed in the Red Book, it’s not worth touching.

For more information about mushrooms in the Crimea, see the next video.