Hairstyles of the XVIII century: who go and how to make them?

Hairstyles from the XVIII century - a separate topic in history. If today the decoration of hair is given a few minutes in front of a mirror, then in the 18th century it became a special occupation requiring the participation of a specialist. It was the era of women who gave the creation of luxurious hairstyles great importance and are ready to go for great sacrifices for them. Today, having on hand the usual styling products, you can make your own hair in the style of Rococo and Marie Antoinette.

Throughout the XVIII century, women's hairstyles evolved rapidly. In the 1700s, in the European countries, the so-called fontage was in use - the original styling with a lace cap.

The appearance of the fountain is associated with the name of the favorite of the French king Angelica de Roucille-Fontaj. Back in 1680, her hair was disheveled during the hunt. So that they did not prevent her from moving in pursuit of the game, she tied them with a piece of lace. History is silent, whether it was a garter with a leg or lace with a sleeve. Anyway, the resulting hairstyle relished the king. From its filing, almost all ladies began to use piling with the use of lace.

There were more than a hundred options for fontazh. Tightly curled hair in several tiers was placed above the forehead horizontally. A piece of curled hair freely fell on his shoulders.

The cap itself could be very high, up to 50 centimeters in height. It was worn vertically or to the side.

From 1713 modest styling with curls came into vogue. Once, at the reception of the French king Louis XIV, the subject of England, the duchess of Shrewsbury, appeared without fontage, simply combing her hair back. This was the reason for changing priorities in the laying of hair. Since then, ladies have laid curled hair in baskets and wreaths. Decorated them with ribbons, diadems, flowers. So came into force the style of the early Rococo.

In Russia, the footage was made up to the mid-20s. Faithful to him remained mostly ladies aged.

The fashion for elegant styling with curls was in the second half of the XVIII century, lasted until the 70s. Then, with the filing of the French Queen Marie-Antoinette, who had a thick head of hair, began to do hairstyles of immense size. France itself has become a trendsetter in hairdressing for the whole of Europe.

For the construction of the impressive size of the structure, frames with cushions were used. Used overhead strands, purchased from commoners, and even horse mane hair.

Hairstyle sometimes reached half a meter in height. To create such a creation without the participation of this master was impossible.

It took hours for the formation of whole artistic compositions, so that then the owner of this beauty did not touch her head for at least a week. And that provided that it was well provided in the material plan.

For reliable fixation of hair, lipstick based on fat and powder made from flour were used. She had a silver, white or pink color. Her weight in her hair sometimes reached a kilogram.

To apply it, women had to wear a special peignoir, so as not to mess dress. So that the flour dust did not crumble on the face, one had to hold a mask over it while the hairdresser applied powder. You could also use a special wardrobe.Powder poured from the ceiling onto the lady who entered it.

The unpleasant smell of food that went into the business to create beauty and remained on the hair for a long time had to be “jammed” with a large number of perfumes sharp in flavor. But this did not discourage interest in such "nests" in insects and mice.

It is no coincidence that during this period, canes with a hard brush appeared in women’s everyday life. On the one hand, they allowed to keep balance under the weight of structures on the head, on the other hand, they acted as a tool that could scratch the itching head of the parasites (brush).

Addition to the pompous styling became headgear. Some put bird effigies on their heads. There you could see bird cages and baskets of fruit.

And the fashion came on one, then on another.

For example, in 1773 over Paris, its inhabitants saw a comet. This is reflected in the hairstyle with the appropriate name - the comet. Part of the styling was the decoration in the form of a piece of gas fabric, depicting the tail of a celestial body.

In 1778, for several weeks, the hairstyle a la “Belle Pul” became a “hit”, in honor of the French frigate, who won in one and conflicts at sea. Hairdressing for this occasion with a “mock-up” of the ship on the head of Marie-Antoinette was done by several hairdressers within 10 hours. The design turned out to be 70 centimeters high, and in order to create it, it took ladders on which it was convenient to style the hair of the royal person.

If today in the fashion for hairstyles were decorations in the form of fresh flowers, then tomorrow there will be vegetables. Then the fruits appeared in the hair from the garden: carrots, radishes, cabbage. When feathers were at the peak of popularity, many peacocks and swans were sacrificed to female beauty.

Numerous gold jewelery with precious stones also became part of the hairdressing facilities. The mass of creation on the head sometimes exceeded the weight of the most beautiful woman.

If it was difficult to maintain a proud posture and a friendly facial expression with this "architecture", then sleep even more.

In order not to mash the styling, it was necessary to rely on special wooden head restraints, covered with a cloth, or even to sleep in a chair. So that at night the sufferers would not overpower the mouse, she used a special wire cap.

With the hairstyles of that time it was difficult to travel in a carriage. Even the queen once had to go in her, kneeling, so as not to ruin the creation of several hairdressers who worked on the decoration of her head.

Barber madness subsided after Marie-Antoinette gave birth to an heir. Then her luxurious hair noticeably thinned. There was a fashion for a wig with curls.

After the French Revolution, the previous approach to styling began to cause ridicule. He was replaced by much simpler hairstyles. The hair was laid in curls and worn loose, they were made of knots in the Greek fashion.

Neat styling of the early Rococo can be picked up by girls with almost any face shape. High pompous buildings are suitable for women with square faces, but the owner of the "triangle" can not look advantageous in this form.

Also take into account the relevance of such styling. Masterpieces on her head are good when a girl walks on the catwalk, came to a masquerade ball, a themed party or a wedding, a comic con. Among the streets and in modern casual clothing with a cap on his head, if not a still life, any will look strange.

Despite the wildness of the XVIII century hairdressing fashion, our time has something in common with that century using artificial strands. Modern styling tools open space for immersion in a bygone era.You can make high and simply lush styling in the appropriate style.

Create a hairstyle not so difficult with such a modern tool as an electric curling iron:

• separating the strands, sprinkle them with varnish and curl, not reaching the root of 10 centimeters;
• comb the hair at the root;
• comb the hair back so that the temples are open;
• if there is a fringe, move it back;
• locks fixed on the top with hairpins;
• decorate with ribbon or barrette.

In this style, you can make and the bride's hair. Building a real “house” on the head, as it was done in a “crazy” period, should not be, but you can keep the spirit:

• comb a thick strand of hair at the level of the forehead;
• fasten with varnish and stab on top;
• the rest of the hair to collect in the tail (higher);
• curl hair curlers large diameter or curling in the course of the formation of styling;
• lay around the base of the tail;
• part of the hair from it left free;
• strengthen with varnish;
• decorate hair with ribbons and flowers.

To make this fancy styling, besides a comb, need to have on hand:

• special frame;
• cotton wool or other filler for the frame;
• curlers;
• studs;
• hair spray.

The procedure is as follows:

• strands well combed;
• “Reserve” part of the hair at the back of the head and at the temples - they will be used at the last stage;
• to establish a skeleton on the head, placing cotton wool in it;
• disguise it with hair, gradually raising them up, starting from the forehead;
• for fixing on the frame use studs;
• back hair and at temples to wind on the curling iron, forming ringlets;
• fix hair with lacquer;
• decorate with beads.

With a hairstyle in the spirit of the XVIII century, you can recreate the image of the queen.

The hairs in front and the hair on the shoulder strongly suggest balls at the royal court.

Hairstyle in the spirit of Marie Antoinette looks very impressive.

The master class on creating hairstyles of the XVIII century in the video below.