Pomeranian spitz: description of the breed and character, colors and care

Modern dog breeders are divided into two camps of interest. Some are breeding dogs of large breeds, others grow miniature four-footed friends. But despite the differences between the size of dogs and their external data, each individual breed of dogs requires high attention, especially with the Pomeranian Spitz.

Not every dog ​​is ready to boast such an interesting and rich history of the appearance of its breed. It is hard to imagine that the ancestors of the small fluffy lumps peacefully snuffling on the litter were much larger in size and originally lived in the northern parts of the modern European continent. The evidence of this fact is the archaeological excavations, among which were found burials of the Neolithic era, where skeletons of ancient Spitz were found.

In that period of time, peat dogs were used as pug dogs, as they were distinguished by their endurance and remarkable strength. Incidentally, this method of travel is still popular in countries with eternal winters.

In the southern countries these dogs were kept and raised as guards of moored boats and ships. Also, the ancestors of Pomeranians defended real estate. But with the advent of the medieval era, the life of peat dogs has changed completely. Thanks to their cute looks, enthusiasm and vigor, these dogs began to bathe in the attention and love of European aristocrats. Rich ladies began to appear on social events in the company of a fluffy four-legged friend.

A rather large and very tangible interest in the described dogs, from which the Pomeranian Spitz went, was first shown by Germans. The dense and intensive work of the German dog breeders led to the emergence of the Spitzkhund breed, which by the 8th century had been spread over almost the entire territory of the medieval state.

A long period of time dog handlers from different countries could not find reliable data and come to a common opinion on the issue concerning the homeland of oranges. Some claimed that their birthplace was the city of Württemberg, which is considered the center of German dog breeding, while others argued that the roots of oranges originate in Pomerania. Others compared the Spitz with dogs living in China, Egypt and Greece.

The first representatives of peat dogs weighed no more than 15 kg, their dimensions were much higher and more when compared with modern specimens of oranges. In turn, the German dog breeders were eager to reduce the size of the breed, so they chose only miniature puppies for breeding.

Following the German dog lovers, English lovers of four-footed friends joined the struggle for the external characteristics of the breed. By the way, it was in England that dog breeders managed to bring different shades into the animal hair.

Repeatedly the royal dogs won a victory at various exhibitions. Everyone who first met these fluffy clumps, caught fire with a dream to acquire the same sweet wonder. And at the end of the 19th century, the Pomeranian Spitz breed was honored to have a separate club. The first participants were noble ladies. After some time, it turned out to organize the first nursery with oranges of certain coat colors.

Thanks to the hard work, English dog handlers managed to make changes in the proportions of pomeranians at the gene level. As a result, the dogs have become much smaller when compared with the German relatives. At the same time, animals began to be divided into several weight groups.

The first group consisted of dogs weighing less than 3.1 kg, according to English standards, 7 feet. Others, respectively, had a slightly larger mass. Thanks to the special efforts of the English breeders, the Pomeranians received the first breed standards to which dogmasters from all over the world brought their pets.

The inhabitants of America Pomeranian conquered in 1892. Moreover, the local cynological organization did not recognize the breed, but most of the breeders instantly evaluated the external data and the nature of the dogs. A special attention was paid to the fur of the four-legged babies.

But that all changed at the beginning of the 20th century, it was then that the American Pomeranian Spitz Club was formed. This fact led the American dog association to the official recognition of the breed. 11 years after the creation of the club, the first exhibition event was held, where many breeders exhibited their pets and fought for the right to take first place. The Spitz themselves proudly presented their unique coat of different colors to the gawkers.

Black, white, chocolate, cream and blue spitz fought for the first place. Each of them caused special admiration of the guests of the exhibition. But, unfortunately, only one pet received the highest award. It turned out to be Banner Prince Charming, who has a charming black wool. In the following years, exhibitions were also held, at which various representatives of pomeranians won. Each winner managed to give multiple offspring.

The progress that English dog breeders have made to American fans of four-footed friends seemed insufficient, and they decided to continue the process of improving the breed. And soon they abandoned this idea, realizing that it was not possible to make dogs more miniature. The small size of the body leads to the inability to continue the race, which negatively affects the reproduction of elite offspring.

The important fact is that the correct name was established on the territory of America for the breed - Pomeranets. In other countries, they are mistakenly called “German Spitz”. Of course, the Pomeranian Spitz sounds more familiar to our time, but still the breed is officially registered as the “German Spitz” in the official lists of the International Canine Federation.

Acquainted with the history of the breed, it becomes clear that Spitz-dog representatives had to go through a rather serious path, starting from peat dogs and ending with today's representatives of elite beauties. Nowadays oranges are the main exhibitors. Animals admire the guests who came to the event with their mind, enthusiasm and appearance, among which body size and fur are especially appreciated.

Breed Pomeranian originates in Germany. The period of their birth is the eighth century.After some time, the breed received colossal changes in appearance, after which special standards were singled out, by which they began to determine the thoroughbredness of individuals and identify culling.

At the visual level, a miniature fluffy looks like a tiny bear cub, although this has nothing to do with the estimates of dog trainers. Important indicators of the standard are the height and weight of the dog, where the weight of orange must be in the range of 1.5 kg - 3.2 kg, and the height of an adult individual is from 18 cm to 22 cm.

A distinctive feature of the Pomeranian Spitz - fluffy and delicate hair, suggesting different colors. Experienced breeders say that oranges very easily find a common language with new people. They treat their master gently, and most importantly, show loyalty. For older children, spitz dogs are considered ideal companions.

Despite its size, miniature spitz is the perfect watchdog. In case of danger, he can throw himself into the legs of the abuser and even bite his small, but sharp teeth. In addition, they have a loud voice, so owners do not need to install a doorbell - the arrival of uninvited guests will be notified by a dog without delay.

Dwarf dog breeds, including oranges, are not suitable for keeping them on a chain or in a cage. Fluffy kids need freedom of movement at home. According to its characteristics, oranges do not differ in their violent temper, but if the owner shows a weak character, they may try to start to dominate and stubborn, with which it will be very difficult to cope in the future.

Oranges, according to their size, belong to the dwarf dog breeds. They are distinguished by a dense physique and strong muscles, but this does not affect the elegance of movement and the grace of the gait. According to the standard exhibition copies must be an increase of about 20-21 cm, and their weight should not exceed 2 kg. The head of the Pomeranian Spitz has a small size. The back side of the skull is wide enough, gradually narrowing to the nasal region, forming a kind of wedge. The frontal part has a rounded shape, which contrasts perfectly with a rather pronounced nape.

The cheekbones on the face are practically indistinguishable, and all because of the plump cheeks. Small and neat nose, lips and eyes have a pronounced black color. In size, the face of an orange is half the size of its skull. The erect ears, having the shape of a triangle with a sharp tip, are located on the crown next to each other. At birth, the ears of the oranges hang down, but as they grow they rise up.

The eyes are small, in any species of breed are presented in a dark color. Oval in shape, they are often compared with the tonsils. The eyelids are black, some oranges may be dark brown, depending on the coat color of the animal. Each look feels lively and mischievous, due to which they are compared with chanterelles.

In the mouth of adult oranges there are 42 teeth. At the same time, the upper jaw is slightly larger than the lower jaw, therefore it covers it from above. It is important to note that such jaws are not a breed defect.

Under the abundant hair of oranges hidden strong neck of medium length, slightly arched shape, smoothly flowing into withers on one side and in the back - on the other. The loin smoothly turns into a shortened croup. The chest of the baby is sufficiently developed. The abdomen should be in a tightened state, and the ribs should be palpable with fingers.The tail of oranges according to the standard should be placed high on the body from the back side, have an average length and a ring-shaped form, be laid on the back of the dog.

The front paws of the thoroughbred specimen are set fairly wide. Muscles are visible on the shoulders. The toes on the paws fit snugly together, resembling a cat's paw. On the pads there is black pigmentation, characteristic of most varieties of Spitz. The exceptions are the owners of red, cream and brown wool.

The hind legs are parallel to each other. Hips and legs are equal, small in size and not so round. The toes of the hind legs are sufficiently compressed, with black claws growing on the tips.

Oranges move quite easily. Their plastic movements resemble a dance of ballerinas. The hind limbs are endowed with strong muscles, which is why dogs are well repelled from any surface. Based on this fact, it seems that when walking the dog is slightly springy.

A distinctive feature of oranges is their bright and saturated wool, under which a dense undercoat is hidden. Short and soft-to-touch hairs cover the entire head of the animal and the front sides of the limbs. On the main part of the body grows long, straight hair, and its thickness covers the shoulders and other parts of the body.

From the information presented above, it is possible to recognize defects in the breed, which are considered to be a deviation from the standard and speak about the culling of the pet:

• a sharp transition of the skull from the back to the nose;
• head, shaped like an apple;
• light shade of watery eyes;
• prancing step;
• twisted tail.

Happy owners of pomeranians say that representatives of this breed have a very kind character. They are very inquisitive, they love to play the game, they are always ready to explore something new, they are ready to go on any journey with great enthusiasm, even if it is just a walk in an unfamiliar yard. Lovers of peace and tranquility should not start oranges as a pet. They will not be able to lie on the couch and watch TV. For these fluffy lumps it is very important to spend any spare moment in active mode.

Especially oranges love to walk in the fresh air. Dogs of the described breed enjoy playing ball in the street, can play catch-up with the birds, and if necessary will rush to protect their master from the approaching threat. And the danger may be a bicycle or a small insect. Therefore, each walk with an orange causes a storm of positive emotions from the owner.

A distinctive feature of the Pomeranian Spitz is the ability to find a common language with its owner and his family. They freely adapt to the family lifestyle. A faithful furry comrade will never disturb his owner or other family members with early wake-ups without special need. They will all behave quietly and calmly, wait for someone to wake up. And after awakening the owner will follow him on the heels.

Oranges are very attached to people with whom they live, and they can become sad if they stop receiving proper attention. Many owners who spend all day at work say that fluffy lumps show unusual joy when they come home. It is worth noting that the spitz prefer to always be in the company of its owner. The dog will spin around while cooking, cleaning and relaxing.

Another distinctive feature of oranges is a bright and bristling bark. They react to any noise and rustling that causes suspicion. This little fluffy little ball can be a great guard, which will easily scare away intruders. The main thing is that these guests do not see the size of the dog that scared them away.. There are times when oranges start barking for no reason. In this case, the owner will have to take care of the upbringing of the baby in order to eradicate this bad habit.

Most parents want to buy a Pomeranian baby as a friend for their child. It is important to understand that attitude to the newly-made family member should be kind, but still wary. If an orange from a puppy age is used to communicating with children, parents will not have any problems. If, on the other hand, the adult has never had acquaintances or even minimal contact with the kids, the dog will prefer to stand aside and watch children's games from a distance, but will not take part in them.

The oranges are very friendly in communicating with other animals, although they can sometimes show dominant perseverance. Anxiety in an orange occurs when another dog appears in the house. Raging passions and experiences will make a fluffy baby prove to the owner that he is the main dog in the house. But if the spitz since puppy age communicated with other representatives of pets, similar problems do not arise.

Pomeranian spitz in nature is a species of breed bred in Germany. Years later, thanks to the ongoing breeding on different continents, dog breeders were able to create 3 additional subspecies of this species, distinguished by the shape of the head.

• Pomeranian dwarf spitz-bear. The muzzle is round, sharply turning into a triangular, it may be flattened. The coat color may be brown or red.

• Pomeranian Fox Type. The appearance of the muzzle is a lot like a fox. The chin is narrow, the nose looks like a button. The coat has a chocolate and cream shade.

• Pomeranian spitz toy type. Representatives of the subspecies resemble a bear cub with a rather short and slightly flattened muzzle.

There are no official requirements in the dog association regarding the muzzle of the Pomeranian, although many participants who occupy prizes at exhibitions, note that the judges are more favored by children with a bear and fox head type.

Presented 3 subspecies of oranges are officially recognized and are included in the German classification. Along with them, there are 2 more miniature subspecies, which are close relatives of pomeranians, which is why an ordinary person can decide that he is one of the representatives of the usual species of the breed.

• Japanese spitz. These dogs were bred in the period of 1920-1930 by crossing a German Spitz with a Samoyed husky, where huskies - Japanese specimens received a snow-white and blue color. Their growth was slightly higher than the exhibition standards, about 40 cm.Distinctive character traits from the standard orange - no barking.
• American Eskimo Spitz. Another breed breed bred according to the same principle of crossing. Only instead of Samoyed husky northern dogs were used, from which the dogs obtained also received a white color.

Wanting to have a small fluffy ball, everyone needs to disassemble the pros and cons. Understand whether the future owner is able to pay special attention to his pet, spend enough time with him, care properly and maintain. There is a certain list of merits of oranges, on the basis of which everyone can determine whether this dog is suitable for him or not.

• Oranges have a cheerful character. They are cheerful, active, ready for constant communication creatures. They prefer outdoor games, it is very difficult to endure hours of loneliness.
• Oranges express their friendliness to those around them with their external data. Sometimes it seems that they are smiling at passersby.
• Representatives of the Pomeranian breed neat creations. They independently care for paws and fur. For this reason, some breeders compare them with cats.
• A developed mind allows oranges to constantly learn something new. They remember the commands well, without any problems mastering the tricks.
• Oranges are ideal companions, they gladly accompany their owner to any place.
• They are distinguished by their patience towards other animals living with them in the same territory.
• The oranges are friendly enough for children.

For furry babies are characterized not only advantages, but also some drawbacks.

• The cost of puppies. Unfortunately, elite dogs are not always affordable for an ordinary lover of miniature breeds.
• Loud bark. For dogs, it is a way to express feelings, for a person it is an extra irritant.
• Fearlessness of nature. The size of the pet will not allow to protect the person in case of a real threat.

There is no consensus among professional dog breeders and breeders regarding the minuses of the breed. The only common disadvantage is health.

• Jaws. Owners need to constantly monitor and brush the teeth of oranges to prevent gum inflammation and the occurrence of stomatitis.
• When changing milk teeth, the owner should seek help from a veterinarian, and all because of the deep root base.
• Spitz have problems quite often with the cardiovascular system.
• Oranges - short-legged dogs. Because of their activity and jumping, the likelihood of injury increases.

From the information provided, each new owner will be able to learn new knowledge. For example, the appearance of a pet requires special attention, a lot of time and financial investments.

Before bringing a puppy to a new home, it is important for the owner to decide on a further standard of lifestyle for the dog, from which it is impossible to deviate. If the pet will be exhibited at exhibitions, then it is necessary to consider puppies of the show class.

The future owner should initially understand that There are no guarantees of prizes and high fecundity. Everything will depend only on the person, on his attention to the four-sided friend, on the quality of the maintenance and care of the pet. It is known that not all dogs of the show class can occupy the first places at exhibitions, although even representatives of the pet class with proper treatment are able to win.From this it follows that any individuals can occupy an honorable first place, as long as the owner of the animal is not lazy, but diligently engaged in a fluffy friend.

One of the important selection rules that applies to all classes of dogs is health. An acquired puppy must be active, playful, mischievous, curious. These very qualities speak about the absence of diseases in an animal.

A distinctive feature of the Pomeranian Spitz is intensive development from the size of a puppy to an adult individual. During this very period, special attention should be paid to feeding the animal. In the first 2 weeks, babies have enough mother's milk. In some cases, artificial feeding is required. To do this, you will have to purchase a milk replacer sold in veterinary pharmacies.

Approximately on the 15th day of the puppy's life, cereal porridge prepared in broth can be added to the diet. Already at week 4, healthy fluffy has first teeth. This indicator says that the organs of the digestive system perfectly cope with their work. For this reason, the baby’s menu can include finely chopped minced meat without fat and soup with vegetables. Starting from the 25th day of life, small oranges should be given pureed vegetables, such as carrots or zucchini, seasoned with sour cream.

With the onset of one month of age, the diet of puppies should be slightly changed. The daily feeding rate should be at least 5 meals. In the kid's menu, it is important to include boiled meat, chicken fillet. As additional dishes, it is allowed to give rice, buckwheat and wheat porridge cooked in milk. Cottage cheese, kefir or yogurt will seem like a delicious puppy delicacy.

With the growth of a puppy it is necessary to gradually reduce the number of daily feedings. When approaching the age of one year, the diet should consist of 3 approaches: breakfast, lunch and dinner. Kefir, sour cream, dried apricots must be present in the menu of an older dog. We should not forget about carrots, porridges, broths, sea fish, zucchini, squash and pumpkin.

Individuals who have reached the age of one year should be transferred to two meals a day, namely, morning and evening. For breakfast, it is enough to give meat cut into slices, an egg and several crackers. A dog's dinner should consist of vegetables with a protein supplement and a small amount of olive oil, which can be mixed with ready-made food.

Owners of the Pomeranian Spitz should pay special attention to the pet's hair. It requires daily care, careful combing. Molting procedure in these animals occurs 2 times a year. And the first molt occurs at the age of six months. At the very moment when puppy fluff gives way to adult hair. Adult females, in turn, molt during heat and after childbirth.

Therefore, breeders should not worry about excessive hair loss, considering that this is a lack of vitamins in the body of the animal. Anxiety should be shown when a bald spot occurs, where the wool is completely absent.

Oranges can be washed no more than 2 times a month, but it is best to try to avoid frequent contact of the animal with detergents and water. Diluted shampoo should be used as a detergent, as a concentrated mixture can have a negative effect on the coat.

At the end of bathing it is important to treat the coat with conditioner, due to which the hairs will become soft and supple, which will allow you to comb the dog without much difficulty. Drying the animal should be a hair dryer. A comb for combing should have long teeth.During combing the dog's coat should be wet.

The owner must pay special attention to the teeth of his ward and brush them with a special paste about 4 times a week. Dogs are not always good at this procedure, so toothpaste should have a pleasant smell and taste. Instead of a toothbrush, you can use the nozzle on your finger. To avoid the occurrence of tartar, solid food must be included in the dog's diet.

Highly developed intellect is a quality that nature has endowed with the Pomeranian spitz-dog. Due to this fact, the process of training an animal is much easier. However, putting sticks in the wheels can be a stubborn pet.

The basic rule in raising a baby is to forget about its appearance. Often, novice owners treat oranges as little children, believing that they are weak and refined, and therefore will not be able to perform complex commands. However, the Pomeranian itself needs only a firm and confident host capable of displaying leadership potential. Only feeling these qualities, the dog will meet and begin to learn the commands and tricks. The Spitz, who considers himself the dominant person in the relationship with the owner, simply refuses to obey.

It is very important to treat your pet gently and encourage his favorite treats during the training process.. Pomeranian is a rather capricious creature who does not tolerate criticism. In response, the dog may show audacity and sometimes aggression.

A well-bred dog must understand and carry out the simplest commands-actions, namely: “sit”, “lie down”, “towards the foot”, “near” and “place”. Special attention to the owners of puppies should be paid to the command of the termination of the barking. After all, not everyone will be able to move a long pet's groan.

In general, to train an orange is quite simple. The only thing that can cause serious problems is to teach the child to the toilet. And all because of the structure of the dog. They are quite difficult to keep fluid in the bladder, so they can handle the need right in the apartment. But if you teach the baby to ask on the street, the problem will disappear by itself. And only very creative dog lovers can teach a puppy to go to the cat tray.

Quickly enough puppies of oranges grow up to six months. It is during this period that they increase in size and gain mass. At about the age of six months, fluffy creatures begin to resemble adults, although dogs, like human children, are distinguished by individual development. Some already in 4 months have the form of adult dogs, while others in the 9-month-old are just beginning to change their appearance.

Breeders, for their part, argue that the period of active growth of puppies ceases with the onset of one year old. However, even after setting a stable weight, the oranges may start to gain weight or slightly stretch at the withers. These changes can occur before the dog's age of one and a half. But visual changes of the body are not indicators for changing the status of a puppy to an adult.Indeed, the internal organs and the skeleton continue to form. At this very time there is a change in the coat. The final stop of puppy development occurs at 3 years.

Spitz dogs are owners of a unique and intensive heat exchange, which their nature has awarded. Accordingly, the use of different items of clothing can lead to overheating of the animal and thus harm it.

Most activists insist that overheating leads to the destruction of the mental state of the animal, and this adversely affects the relationship between the pet and its owner. But if you look at the issue from the other side, then you should not go to extremes.

During walks in bad weather it is impossible to avoid getting dirt on the fur - the spitz's wool gets wet pretty quickly and gets very dirty. However, it is often forbidden to bathe the animal. The only way out of this situation is the jumpsuit. The main thing is that he does not have a strong insulation.

In turn, the breeders claim that for the content of oranges it is necessary to acquire a few obligatory things that would be enough for a pet:

• raincoat or raincoat-overalls;
• blanket;
• panties;
• boots

The raincoat will not allow wool to get wet, it does not let in moisture and protects the animal from dirt. Cloth is purchased exclusively for females. It is able to protect the mammary glands from frostbite, and also does not allow the mud masses to get on the nipples. No female can do without panties. They are worn on a dog only during estrus. This piece of clothing will avoid blood stains on the floor and furniture. Shoes used only in the cold season save the animal's paws from reagents.

The proverb “how many people, so many opinions” in many respects corresponds to the content of oranges. In most cases, only the positive sides of dogs are considered. Happy owners note that the Pomeranian Spitz have a developed intelligence, powerful intelligence.

Unfortunately, almost all breeders talk about the poor health of representatives of the Pomeranian breed. Epilepsy was found in some dogs, others suffer from frequent dental problems, and others are worried about heart failure.

But despite this, fluffy lumps remain the most beloved and charming pets. What only is their cute image and charming look, filled with love, care, warmth, and most importantly, trust.

See the next video for all about Pomeranian Spitz.