English toy terrier: description of the breed and care of dogs

Miniature dogs today are represented by different breeds, among which there are animals with a long history. These four-legged comrades of man should include an English toy terrier. The dog is popular all over the world, but today it is classified as an endangered species.

Progenitors of dogs of this breed are considered to be black and tan terrier, as well as a larger representative of the world of four-legged pets - the Manchester Terrier. Some facts indicate the presence in the pedigree of the modern English bloodshed of an Italian Greyhound and Whippet. Animals with a similar exterior can be found depicted on canvases dating from the 16th century. But the maximum complete description of such dogs appeared only two centuries later. At that time, miniature pets were used as hunters for rats, badgers and other small animals, and they also took part in various competitions.

The British island state is considered the birthplace of an English toy terrier. In a special honor these dogs were among the aristocratic ladies. In 1826, animals took part in the exhibition, after which their popularity greatly increased. Later, the dogs began to contain in France and America.

According to the requirements for the exterior, dogs of a given breed must be dry in their constitution, elegant and proportionally folded. The height of the animal at the withers varies within 30 centimeters with a mass of about 4 kilograms.

Toya's skull - wedge-shaped with an elongated and narrow muzzle. Stop is expressed in average values, without acute angles. The bite in dogs will be scissors with a snug fit of the upper and lower jaws to each other. The nose is painted black. The eyes are medium in size, must have an almond-shaped form, a slight spacing is allowed. The iris is dark.

Toya's ears are triangular with sharp ends, set high, in a standing position. The inner side of the auricle looks straight. The neck is elongated, with a smooth transition to the body, there is a minimal backward tilt. The chest of the animal is deep, the back is curved.

The tail is low, in size it should not reach more than hock joints, slightly narrowed to the tip. English toy terriers are short-haired dogs, but the animal's coat is distinguished by its density and brilliance. A valid color option for dogs of this breed is black and tan, light markings refer to deviations from the standards. In light of the fact that the wool is not sufficiently able to protect the animal from frost or heat, dogs may suffer from hypothermia or overheating.

Toi, despite their fragile physique, have good health. However, pets may be prone to the following ailments:

• diseases of the organs of vision - cataract, glaucoma;
• hypothyroidism;
• Peters disease.

These little dogs are distinguished by a lively temperament, which is inherent in almost all terriers. At the same time, the animal is endowed with innate courage, the dog has a well-developed intellect, is favorably disposed towards all those around him without undue aggression. English toy terrier stands out for its attachment to its breeder, remains faithful to him until old age.

With strangers, the dog makes contact with reluctance. A small four-legged companion has not lost its innate hunting instincts, so if you have pets in the form of small rodents, you can identify them as prey. Toi with other dogs can coexist safely, but same-sex animals are not recommended to be kept in one dwelling. The animal gets along well with children, but if there is a small child in the family, injuries to the animal due to careless treatment are not excluded.

The dog very badly tolerates loneliness and long separation from the owner, therefore it is recommended to leave it alone as little as possible at home. The breed is inherently oversensitive, so the dog can take offense at its breeder for quite a long time.

Dogs of this breed can not be attributed to long-livers. On average, the pet's life expectancy is from 10 to 13 years. However, among the children you can also meet pets who lived to be 15 or 20 years old. In each case everything will depend on the pedigree and genetics of the animal, an important factor is the diet and conditions of detention.

Despite the fact that these two breeds have the same name, dogs still will be different from each other according to some characteristics. If you compare the size of pets, then the English toi will be more than the Russian representatives of miniature pets. The difference in withers can reach up to 5 centimeters.

Comparing the two breeds, you can find differences not only in size, but also in the habits of animals, since the English dog still has not lost its hunting inclinations, which is not the case with the Russian Toy Terrier. The latter have become a completely domesticated breed, when a larger subspecies often becomes a participant in various competitions and rodent hunting.

In light of this feature, the English toi will have a more developed muscular corset, a flat skull, as well as an outstanding face and strong jaws. In addition, the behavior of dogs of two breeds is somewhat different, first of all it concerns the more balanced and stress-resistant disposition of English dogs, when Russian miniature representatives can demonstrate nervousness, disruptions of mood and behavior.

The differences of animals can be traced in the shape and structure of the ears. So, in Russian toya, the ears will be similar to an isosceles triangle, when the British appearance is inherent in a structure resembling the shape of a flame from a candle. Animals differ in the type of wool, if the domestic representative of terriers allowed short-haired and long-haired type, then the English dogs should be extremely smooth-haired.

Russian toy terriers can have several variations of color, in the second breed only one coat color is allowed.

Taking into account the peculiarities of the coat and physiology of the animal, breeding and maintaining this breed implies exclusively domestic conditions - an apartment or a private house. In general, such a pet in terms of care will bring a minimum of trouble to its breeder. Wool does not require daily combing. Use a brush for smooth-haired toya is recommended 2-3 times a week.

An alternative to the brush will be a hard mitten designed for the care of short-haired animals. Bathe the Englishman only in case of emergency. Usually, water hygiene procedures are carried out twice a year. Limbs to be washed after each walk on the street.

Special attention from the breeder will require the ears and eyes of the dog, they should be inspected as often as possible. If you find any accumulations of dirt or secretions, clean them with a wet swab. Claws should be shortened every 3-4 weeks, but they will grow much faster in a miniature puppy dog, so claws will have to be cut every 2 weeks.

It is important to teach your pet from a very young age. to mandatory cleaning of the oral cavity. Usually this procedure is carried out twice a week. In dogs, deworming and treatment of external parasites should be carried out at least once every 3 months. In bad weather, the animal should be protected from the cold with the help of special windproof and waterproof clothing.

In the dwelling of that takes very little space for a comfortable existence, he will need a comfortable bedding, located in a quiet place, as well as several toys. If it is not possible to regularly take the dog to the street for help, this breed can be taught to a tray or diaper. Ideally, toy terriers are walking in the morning and evening. During walks you should not overly burden pets, you should also avoid falling of an animal from a height, even insignificant, and strikes.

It is not recommended to keep animals in isolation of this breed; they need to get new emotions, get acquainted with the world around and people. Therefore, walks should not be completely avoided. Bringing your puppy to fresh air is possible after the second planned vaccination. It is recommended to accustom him to the street gradually, the first time the walk should last about half an hour. With an adult animal it is quite possible to go for a morning or evening run. Some pets take part in sports competitions for dogs, for example, freestyle or agility.

In terms of diet, animals do not have any specific restrictions. The main thing is that the dog's menu is as nutritious and beneficial as possible. English toy terrier can be fed feed of industrial production or natural food.

If preference will be finished products, then it should be no lower than premium. Because of the small portions required for the dog, many breeders note the ease of use of the finished dry or wet dog food. In addition, their composition will already include all the necessary vitamins and minerals that are important for a small animal. Dry food should be chosen with croquettes of small size, which will be more convenient when chewing.

If the breeder will feed the toy terrier with natural food, the following products should prevail in the animal menu:

• meat - rabbit, poultry, beef;
• raw vegetables;
• fruits;
• greenery;
• sea ​​fish;
• dairy and fermented milk products.

The dog is forbidden to feed or feed from the human table. You can not treat the animal bakery products, pickles and smoked meat, fried and fatty dishes. It is not recommended to add sugar, pork, potatoes, citrus fruits and legumes to the pet's diet.

As a vitamin bait should be considered brewer's yeast, special complexes recommended for dogs of small breeds, crushed egg shells.

English toy terrier puppies are important to teach a certain portion of food.. As a rule, they will be enough 300-400 grams of feed per day.The number of meals will depend on the age of the dog - up to 4 months they should be 4-5, in less than half a year feeding can be reduced to 3 times, after a year the animal must be fed twice a day - in the morning and evening.

The decorative one will require from the breeder not only early socialization, but also competent training, otherwise the dog will show negative character traits - waywardness, laziness, disobedience. In the process of training is prohibited to use physical force. The dog must clearly understand and carry out commands "fu", "sit", "next". Achieve positive results in learning will succeed if:

• give commands to the dog in a calm voice;
• do not show aggression during the course of classes;
• repeat commands until the animal executes them.

For more information about the toy terrier, see the next video.